The Four Broad Areas of SEND

Understanding the Four Broad Areas of SEND

  • Communication and Interaction

    This includes difficulties with speech, language, and communication. Children may struggle to express themselves, understand others, or use language socially.

  • Cognition and Learning

    Children may learn at a slower pace than their peers or have difficulty with memory, organisation, or understanding new concepts. This includes specific learning difficulties like dyslexia.

  • Social, Emotional and Mental Health (SEMH)

    This area covers a wide range of needs, including anxiety, emotional regulation, or behaviour that affects learning. Children may need support to manage emotions and build positive relationships.

  • Sensory and/or Physical Needs

    Some children may have physical disabilities or sensory impairments (such as vision or hearing difficulties) that require specialist support or equipment.